ဝိက်ရှေန်နရဳ:ပညာရမျာင်ဗၟာ
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Burmese-language pronunciations in Wiktionary entries.
See Burmese phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Burmese.
| Consonants | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Burmese example | Approximate English equivalent |
| ဘဲ /bɛ́/ | bat | |
| ဓာတ် /daʔ/ | dye | |
| ဂျင် /dʑìɴ/ | juice | |
| အညာသား /ʔəɲàðá/ | this | |
| ဂုဏ် /ɡòuɴ/ | gate | |
| ဟုတ် /houʔ/ | hone | |
| ယား /já/ | yield | |
| ကုန် /kòuɴ/ | skate[၁] | |
| kʰ | ခုန် /kʰòʊɴ/ | Kate[၂] |
| လုပ် /louʔ/ | lay | |
| l̥ | လှုပ် /l̥ouʔ/ | play; like /l/ but voiceless |
| မတ် /maʔ/ | much | |
| m̥ | မှတ် /m̥aʔ/ | None; like /m/ but voiceless |
| နမ်း /náɴ/ | not | |
| n̥ | နှမ်း /n̥áɴ/ | None; like /n/ but voiceless |
| ခံ /kʰàɴ/ | lawn or long, but without a complete closure between the tongue and the roof of the mouth[၃] | |
| ညစ် /ɲiʔ/ | canyon | |
| ɲ̥ | ညှစ် /ɲ̥iʔ/ | None; like /ɲ/, but voiceless |
| ငါး /ŋá/ | sing | |
| ŋ̊ | ငှါး /ŋ̊á/ | None; like /ŋ/, but voiceless |
| ပဲ /pɛ́/ | spat[၁] | |
| pʰ | ဖဲ /pʰɛ́/ | pat[၂] |
| တိရစ္ဆာန် /təɹeiʔsʰàɴ/[၄] | rock | |
| စာ /sà/ | cats | |
| sʰ | ဆာ /sʰà/ | grass hut[၂] |
| ရှာ /ʃà/ | shoe | |
| တတ် /taʔ/ | sty[၁] | |
| tʰ | ထပ် /tʰaʔ/ | tie[၂] |
| ကြဉ် /tɕìɴ/ | itch[၁] | |
| tɕʰ | ချင် /tɕʰìɴ/ | chew[၂] |
| သတ် /θaʔ/ | thin | |
| ဝါး /wá/ | wield | |
| w̥ | ဝှက် /w̥ɛʔ/ | white[၅] |
| ဇာ /zà/ | zoo | |
| အုတ် /ʔouʔ/ | _uh-_oh | |
| Vowels | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Burmese example | Approximate English equivalent |
| နား /ná/ | father | |
| ai ~ aɪ | နိုင် /nàiɴ/, [nã̀ɪ̃ɰ̃] | might[၆] |
| au ~ aʊ | နောက် /nauʔ/, [naʊʔ] | mouth[၆] |
| နေ /nè/ | Scottish English mate | |
| ei ~ eɪ | နိပ် /neiʔ/, [neɪʔ] | may[၆] |
| နယ် /nɛ̀/ | met | |
| ခလုတ် /kʰəlouʔ/ | comma | |
| နီး /ní/ | meet | |
| နင်း /níɴ/, [nɪ̃́ɰ̃] | mit[၆] | |
| နို့ /no̰/ | Scottish English note | |
| ou ~ oʊ | နုန်း /nóuɴ/, [nṍʊ̃ɰ̃] | mow[၆] |
| နော် /nɔ̀/ | bought | |
| နှူး /n̥ú/ | moot | |
| နွမ်း /núɴ/, [nʊ̃́ɰ̃] | foot[၆] | |
| Tones | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Burmese example | Explanation |
| ◌̀ | ငါ /ŋà/ | Normal phonation, medium duration, low intensity, low (often slightly rising) pitch |
| ◌́ | ငါး /ŋá/ | Sometimes slightly breathy, relatively long, high intensity, high pitch; often with a fall before a pause |
| ◌̰ | ငါ့ /ŋa̰/ | Tense or creaky phonation (sometimes with lax glottal stop), medium duration, high intensity, high (often slightly falling) pitch |
နိဿဲ[ပလေဝ်ဒါန်]
- ↑ ၁.၀ ၁.၁ ၁.၂ ၁.၃ Unaspirated, like /p t k/ etc. in Romance or Slavic languages.
- ↑ ၂.၀ ၂.၁ ၂.၂ ၂.၃ ၂.၄ Heavily aspirated.
- ↑ The vowel before the /ɴ/ is always nasalized, and if a consonant follows /ɴ/, then the /ɴ/ becomes homorganic with the following consonant.
- ↑ A marginal consonant in Burmese, /ɹ/ occurs only in foreign words, and even there is often replaced by /j/ or /l/.
- ↑ In accents without the wine–whine merger, e.g. Scottish English, Irish English, and some varieties of American English.
- ↑ ၆.၀ ၆.၁ ၆.၂ ၆.၃ ၆.၄ ၆.၅ The sounds [aɪ], [aʊ], [eɪ], [ɪ], [oʊ], and [ʊ] are allophones of /ai/, /au/, /ei/, /i/, /ou/, and /u/ respectively, occurring in closed syllables, i.e. before /ɴ/ and /ʔ/.