These are the rules concerning transliteration in သေံ entries.
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
18 |
19 |
20 |
21 |
22 |
| Tone class |
mid |
high |
low |
mid |
high |
low |
mid |
high |
low |
mid |
high |
| Consonants |
ก |
ข |
ฃ1 |
ค |
ฅ1 |
ฆ |
ง |
จ |
ฉ |
ช6 |
ซ6 |
ฌ6 |
ญ |
ฎ |
ฏ |
ฐ |
ฑ |
ฒ |
ณ |
ด |
ต |
ถ |
| Paiboon |
Initials |
g |
k |
ng |
j |
ch |
s |
ch |
y |
d |
dt |
t |
n |
d |
dt |
t |
| Finals |
k |
(k) |
k |
(k) |
k |
t |
(t) |
t |
n |
t |
t |
| Royal Institute |
Initials |
k |
kh |
ng |
ch |
s |
ch |
y |
d |
t |
th |
n |
d |
t |
th |
| Finals |
k |
(k) |
k |
(k) |
k |
t |
(t) |
t |
n |
t |
t |
|
23 |
24 |
25 |
26 |
27 |
28 |
29 |
30 |
31 |
32 |
33 |
34 |
35 |
36 |
37 |
38 |
39 |
40 |
41 |
42 |
43 |
44 |
| Tone class |
low |
mid |
high |
low |
low |
high |
low |
mid |
low |
| Consonants |
ท |
ธ |
น |
บ |
ป |
ผ |
ฝ |
พ |
ฟ6 |
ภ |
ม |
ย |
ร4,5 |
ล5,6 |
ว |
ศ |
ษ |
ส6 |
ห |
ฬ |
อ |
ฮ |
| Paiboon |
Initials |
t |
n |
b |
bp |
p |
f |
p |
f |
p |
m |
y |
r |
l |
w |
s |
h |
l |
–2 |
h |
| Finals |
t |
p |
(p) |
p |
i3 |
n |
o3 |
t |
(h) |
n |
– |
(h) |
| Royal Institute |
Initials |
th |
n |
b |
p |
ph |
f |
ph |
f |
ph |
m |
y |
r |
l |
w |
s |
h |
l |
–2 |
h |
| Finals |
t |
p |
(p) |
p |
i3 |
n |
o3 |
t |
(h) |
n |
– |
(h) |
- Obsolete letters
- Silent as initial consonant
- Part of a diphthong
- Final ร without a vowel mark = ɔɔn; Medial รร = a
- ฤ = รึ (rʉ, rue); ฤๅ = รือ: (rʉʉ, rue); ฦ = ลึ (lʉ, lue); ฦๅ = ลือ: (lʉʉ, lue). However, their pronunciation might change in words.
- Western loanwords sometimes use initials as alternative finals instead.
- Finals in parentheses are theorical and they have never occured.
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
18 |
19 |
20 |
21 |
22 |
23 |
24 |
25 |
26 |
27 |
28 |
| Vowels |
Open syllable |
◌ะ |
◌า |
◌ิ |
◌ี |
◌ึ |
◌ือ |
◌ุ |
◌ู |
เ◌ะ |
เ◌ |
แ◌ะ |
แ◌ |
โ◌ะ |
โ◌ |
เ◌าะ |
◌อ (◌à) |
เ◌อะ |
เ◌อ |
เ◌ียะ |
เ◌ีย |
เ◌ือะ |
เ◌ือ |
◌ัวะ |
◌ัว |
– |
ไ◌ |
ใ◌ |
เ◌า |
| Closed syllable |
◌ั |
◌ื |
เ◌็ |
แ◌็ |
◌ |
◌็อ |
เ◌ิ |
เ◌ีย |
เ◌ือ |
◌ว (◌wá) |
◌ำ |
– |
| Paiboon |
a |
aa |
i |
ii |
ʉ |
ʉʉ |
u |
uu |
e |
ee |
ɛ |
ɛɛ |
o |
oo |
ɔ |
ɔɔ |
ə |
əə |
ia |
iia |
ʉa |
ʉʉa |
ua |
uua |
am |
ai |
ao |
| Royal Institute |
a |
i |
ue |
u |
e |
ae |
o |
oe |
ia |
uea |
ua |
am |
ai |
ao |
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
14 |
15 |
16 |
17 |
18 |
| Diphthongs |
◌ัย |
◌าย |
◌าว |
◌ิว |
◌ึย |
◌ุย |
◌ูย |
เ◌็ว |
เ◌ว |
แ◌็ว |
แ◌ว |
โ◌ย |
◌็อย |
◌อย |
เ◌ย |
เ◌ียว |
เ◌ือย |
◌วย |
| Paiboon |
ai |
aai |
aao |
iu |
ʉi |
ui |
uui |
eo |
eeo |
ɛo |
ɛɛo |
ooi |
ɔi |
ɔɔi |
əəi |
iiao |
ʉʉai |
uuai |
| Royal Institute |
ai |
ao |
io |
uei |
ui |
eo |
aeo |
oi |
oei |
iao |
ueai |
uai |
|
0 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
| Tone marks |
no mark |
◌่ |
◌้ |
◌๊ |
◌๋ |
| Paiboon |
High class |
◌̌ |
◌̀ |
◌̂ |
– |
| Mid class |
◌ |
◌́ |
◌̌ |
| Low class |
◌̂ |
◌́ |
– |
| Royal Institute |
not present at all |
Lexical ordering
| First level |
left to right | end of string < consonant symbol <? Thai numeral |
| Second level |
by consonant, left to right | inherent vowel < vowel symbol |
| Third level |
left to right | no tone mark < tone mark |
Numerals
| Hindu-Arabic |
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| Thai |
๐ (0) | ๑ (1) | ๒ (2) | ๓ (3) | ๔ (4) | ๕ (5) | ๖ (6) | ๗ (7) | ๘ (8) | ๙ (9) |
- Other symbols of undetermined ordering: ◌็, ◌์, ฯ, ๆ
- Foreign and archaic characters: ◌ํ (alone) ◌ฺ, ◌๎